This course covers the laboratory aspects of BIO 107 & BIO 211. It is a one-credit course that has two hours of lab session/week. Topics covered include but are not limited to: methods for measuring the environment, calculations for determining species density using different indexes, methods for sampling the environment, food webs, food chains, and trophic levels of organisms. 


This course is the co-requisite of Fundamentals of Chemistry and is a separate course. This course strengthens and puts to practice the concepts learned in class.